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After a 30 year stint as a plastic surgeon, New York’s Joel Roskind now plans to extend his experience to other doctors, both established and new. Established physicians may benefit from consulting with him in the fields of practice management and outpatient facility accreditation. On the clinical side, medical scholars at Boston University will have the chance to take Integrated Problems, a differential diagnosis course, from Joel Roskind.

Joel Roskind, who ran a Long Island plastic surgery clinic specializing in body enhancements for over a decade, brings a wealth of clinical expertise as well as academic get, and know how in the business of medicine. He is also intensely involved in the area of practice management, which deals with hiring and training staff, setting up electronic systems and patient relations.

At Boston University he will instruct a differential diagnosis class titled Integrated Problems. Dr. Roskind has previously taught at Boston University, as well as the University of California, San Diego, the Nassau University Medical Center, North Shore University Hospital, Cornell Medical School and the University Of Miami School Of Medicine.

Dr. Joel Roskind will also draw on his clinical experience to instruct Integrated Problems at Boston University. The course will cover complex problems in differential diagnosis, a subject with which he is intimately familiar. Dr. Roskind also brings a wealth of knowledge in practice management, which deals with business aspects of medicine, such as hiring and training staff, setting up electronic systems and patient relations.

Joel Roskind has always considered that because patients put so much trust in their physicians, doctors have a special obligation to make sure patients get the best possible care, and he has worked throughout his career to make sure they are protected by rigorous safety standards. He promises to continue to contribute to the medical area in this field as a teacher. In what promises to be a very active retirement, Dr. Joel Roskind also plans to follow a personal interest in Judaic spirituality.

Blown glass, a very ancient technique, is the oldest among the handicrafts. It is said by some, that ancient Egyptians were the original inventors of glass making techniques. Production of metallurgy and faience helped a great deal in the manufacture of glass afterwards. The earliest Egyptian glass known to us was in the form of small beads and pendants found in sites dating back to the 3rd millennium B.C. At that time glass was made by melting a combination of silica-sand, lime, and soda. The interaction of the heated soda and the hot sand formed a transparent flowing liquid, which was then permitted to cool forming glass.

The first glass vessels appeared in Egypt in the middle of the 2nd millennium B.C. These were made by the technique of molding on a core made of mud and sand to form the shape of the vessel’s interior. Then the core was submerged into viscous molten glass. Once the vessel was cold, the core had to be scraped out.

At that time, glass was regarded, as an artificial semi-precious stone and it was a costly novelty material, most likely the aristocracy owned no glass workshops since it was a royal monopoly.

The decline of royal power after the end of the New Kingdom put a stop to glass production for a time. Not till the Greco-Roman Period did new Egyptian glass centers arise in the Hellenistic cities of Alexandria and Naucratis.

The revolutionary invention of glass-blowing took place, probably in Syria, during the 1st century BC, though the technique did not reach Alexandria until the latter half of the following century when it was introduced by the Romans. The new discovery widely increased production and glass then ceased to be either a rarity or an upper-class prerogative.

Blown glass vessels were created by sticking a piece of molten glass onto one end of a blowpipe and through the other end introducing pressurized air into the pipe. This was done by mouth blowing. At that stage, the art of transformation into attractive shapes began. It was then cut with a copper wheel and ground with emery powder. After the vessel took its shape, decorations were added by pinching the hot glass, adding handles or other features to it, changing simple straight patterns into more intricate ones. After the coloring and hand painting process was completed, the bottles were put into a furnace with a very high temperature to set the color on the glass so that it is permanent. Afterwards, the bottles needed to be left out to cool. Then they were ready.

Nowadays, blown glass products are still made the same way our ancient ancestors used to make them. No extras are used but the very primitive tools used 7000 years ago and the golden fingers of the Egyptian craftsmen.

A. Basel
http://WWW.bazaarway.com